Korean Air Cargo Flight 8509

Introduction
Korean Air Cargo Flight 8509 was a flight from Seoul, South Korea to Milan, Italy via Tashkent, Uzbekistan and London, United Kingdom. The flight entered and steep bank shortly after taking-off from London Stansted Airport, and crashed killing all four crew members.

Pilots
The flight crew were Captain Park Duk-kyu (박득규), aged 57, First Officer Yoon Ki-sik (윤기식), aged 33, Flight Engineer Park Hoon-kyu (박훈규), aged 38 and Maintenance Mechanic Kim Il-suk (김일석), aged 45.

The Crash
The flight had been normal so far, and it was now on it's last leg from London to Milan. The flight took off from London Stansted under Captain Duk-kyu's control. Captain Duk-kyu banked to the left, as he was supposed to. His ADI showed that the flight wasn't banking, when it actually was. Duk-kyu then banked the plane further, thinking his plane wasn't responding. He was actually making the bank that he input previously much steeper. First Officer Ki-sik's ADI could see the true angle on the bank, but the First Officer didn't do anything. The more experienced Flight Engineer, Park Hoon-kyu, called out 'bank', attempting to alert Captain Duk-kyu of the steep bank. With no response from the Captain whatsoever, he called it out again, and in total called out 'bank' 4 times in 19 seconds. Captain Duk-kyu was also ignoring the alarms that had began, as the bank angle was increasingly steep. But despite this, Captain Duk-kyu kept banking the plane, and the nose of the aircraft began to sink. And 55 seconds after take-off, the left wing scraped across the ground, and the plane hit the ground at a 90° angle.

Cause
After an investigation by the AAIB (Air Accidents Investigation Branch), it was found that an old tradition of 'the captain has superiority' was the cause for the accident. First Officer Ki-sik, following the tradition, did not attempt to challenge the Captain on his movements. They AAIB recommended that Korean Air train pilots to not follow this, and that the crew has equal superiority.